There’s a literary device that has been used since Greek and Roman times in which an unexpected event suddenly occurs in order to solve a problem that’s apparently impossible to be solved. This literary device is called “Deus ex machina” (literally from latin: god from the machine) and its most frequent use is to bring a happy ending to the story.
In Hamlet,
we can see at least two times this literary device: the pirates and Fortinbras appearing in the very end of the play can be considering another. In my opinion, there`s another one: the fencing scene.
In the last scene of the last act, when Hamlet and Laertes
fenced, even though Claudius and Laertes had prepared a clever plan to kill
Hamlet and revenge Polonius’ death, everything changes when “...in scuffling, they exchange rapiers, and Hamlet wounds Laertes.” From that moment on, the truth starts to be spoken. Even
though Hamlet is condemned to die, he doesn’t die alone: Laertes, Gertrude and
Claudius die. Those few words made possible for Hamlet to finally achieve his revenge and kill his uncle Claudius. Had the scuffle not taken place, the end of the play would have been totally different. The King wouldn't have been unmasked and Hamlet would have died poisoned without knowing the reason behind.
Now, considering the hypothetic case of this literary device not being used, what do you think it would have happened afterwards? What do you think it would have been Hamlet's reaction to his imminent death, after half an hour?
References:
http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/159659/deus-ex-machina
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2869608?uid=3737784&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21104503615821
Shakespeare, W. (1603), Hamlet.
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